Adventures Of Huck Finn Essays - Literature,

Adventures of Huck Finn title = Adventures of Huck Finn American Heritage Pd 5 & 6 The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about a young boy's coming of age in the Missouri of the mid-1800's. The main character, Huckleberry Finn, spends much time in the novel floating down the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Before he does so, however, Huck spends some time in the fictional town of St. Petersburg where a number of people attempt to influence him. Before the novel begins, Huck Finn has led a life of absolute freedom. His drunken and often missing father has never paid much attention to him; his mother is dead and so, when the novel begins, Huck is not used to following any rules. The book's opening finds Huck living with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Both women are fairly old and are really somewhat incapable of raising a rebellious boy like Huck Finn. Nevertheless, they attempt to make Huck into what they believe will be a better boy. Specifically, they attempt, as Huck says, to "sivilize" him. This process includes making Huck go to school, teaching him various religious facts, and making him act in a way that the women find socially acceptable. Huck, who has never had to follow many rules in his life, finds the demands the women place upon him constraining and the life with them lonely. As a result, soon after he first moves in with them, he runs away. He soon comes back, but, even though he becomes somewhat comfortable with his new life as the months go by, Huck never really enjoys the life of manners, religion, and education that the Widow and her sister impose upon him. Huck believes he will find some freedom with Tom Sawyer. Tom is a boy of Huck's age who promises Huck and other boys of the town a life of adventure. Huck is eager to join Tom Sawyer's Gang because he feels that doing so will allow him to escape the somewhat boring life he leads with the Widow Douglas. Unfortunately, such an escape does not occur. Tom Sawyer promises much?robbing stages, murdering and ransoming people, kidnaping beautiful women?but none of this comes to pass. Huck finds out too late that Tom's adventures are imaginary: that raiding a caravan of "A-rabs" really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic, that stolen "joolry" is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, along with the other members, he resigns from the gang. Another person who tries to get Huckleberry Finn to change is Pap, Huck's father. Pap is one of the most astonishing figures in all of American literature as he is completely antisocial and wishes to undo all of the civilizing effects that the Widow and Miss Watson have attempted to instill in Huck. Pap is a mess: he is unshaven; his hair is uncut and hangs like vines in front of his face; his skin, Huck says, is white like a fish's belly or like a tree toad's. Pap's savage appearance reflects his feelings as he demands that Huck quit school, stop reading, and avoid church. Huck is able to stay away from Pap for a while, but Pap kidnaps Huck three or four months after Huck starts to live with the Widow and takes him to a lonely cabin deep in the Missouri woods. Here, Huck enjoys, once again, the freedom that he had prior to the beginning of the book. He can smoke, "laze around," swear, and, in general, do what he wants to do. However, as he did with the Widow and with Tom, Huck begins to become dissatisfied with this life. Pap is "too handy with the hickory" and Huck soon realizes that he will have to escape from the cabin if he wishes to remain alive. As a result of his concern, Huck makes it appear as if he is killed in the cabin while Pap is away, and leaves to go to a remote island in the Mississippi River, Jackson's Island. It is after he leaves his father's cabin that Huck joins yet another important influence in his life: Miss Watson's slave, Jim. Prior to Huck's leaving, Jim has been a minor character in the novel?he has been shown being fooled by Tom Sawyer and telling Huck's fortune. Huck finds Jim on Jackson's Island because the slave has run away?he has overheard a conversation

A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) The WritePass Journal

A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) Introduction A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) IntroductionAn Overview of the ProtocolsSimilarities and DifferencesSSH Advantages and DisadvantagesTLS Advantages and DisadvantagesExamplesReferencesRelated Introduction Transport Layer Security (TLS) vs. Secure Shell (SSH) – A battle for security. In this modern time, individuals, businesses and organizations worry about security on a regular basis, be it online or offline, over a network computer or just with a personal computer. Security of a computer connected to the internet and within a network is very essential as people need to protect their information and data from unwanted or unauthorised access. My task here is to look into two most widely used security protocols on the internet network, these protocols are Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH). I will be comparing these two protocols, looking into their similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages and giving related examples where necessary. An Overview of the Protocols First and foremost what is TLS?   It is the replacement for secure socket layer (SSL) and it is a protocol that makes sure that there is privacy between a communicating application and its users on the internet.   TLS offers an end point authentications and communications privacy over the internet using encryptions. For instance, if a server and a client communicate, TLS makes sure that no one without the right authority can listen, intrude or forge any messages between them. TLS has two layers, the TLS record protocol and the TLS handshake protocol. The TLS Record Protocol is at a lower level where it is placed on top of some reliable transport protocol as Transport Control Protocol (TCP). This is needed in other to send messages in two directions, forward and backward and it also has a security property that is used to establish a reliable and private connection. The record protocol is then responsible for changing position of data between two ends of the link using the values agreed through the handshake protocol. The information that then come from the application to the TLS record protocol, are compressed and encrypted as required before they are sent to the other end. And if the other end is valid, the information is then uncompressed and decrypted before delivery. The TLS handshake protocol also uses the record protocol to send its messages during the hand shake stage. There are additional offers that are commonly overlooked which are provided by TLS, integrity guarantees and replay prevention. TLS streams communication have inbuilt controls to prevent tampering with any portion of its encrypted data. And there are other inbuilt controls to stop captured streams of TLS information from being replayed at other times. On the other hand, SSH is a protocol that determines the performance of a secure communication over a network. This has been used to replace telnet, rsh, rlogin for insecurity. Prior to any transfer taking place, the SSH client and server must first establish a secure connection. This will then allow them to share private information between each other. The SSH protocol is responsible for authentication, encryption, and the way data is transmitted over a network. â€Å"The encryption used by SSH is intended to provide confidentiality and integrity of data over an unsecured network, such as the Internet. There are two types of versions for the SSH, the first is SSH1 and the second is SSH2. Although, these two protocols are different. The SSH1 is the original protocol and it has its own shortfalls, so it is not normally recommended or in use today.   But SSH2 is the common of the two SSH protocols and is commonly used today as it is more secure and efficient than SSH1.   The SSh1 uses server and host keys to verify the networks while SSH2 uses just the host keys to verify the networks and even more, they are not compatible with each other. SSH works in the following way When a client contacts a server, they disclose the SSH protocol versions that they support. Then, they switch to a packet based protocol. When the server identifies itself to the client and provides session parameters, the client then sends the server a secret key. Both sides turn on encryption and complete server authentication. Then, a secure connection is created. Similarities and Differences Similarities In terms of similarities, one can say they provide the same level of security within any giving scenario. They both make sure that information passed about over the internet is protected with dependable encryption.   They can also make sure that the server a user connects to is the right one. The two protocols provide 128-256 bit encryption. Differences In respect to their similarities, they do have some differences as well. Most obvious is the fact that SSH uses username and password to authenticate its users which is inbuilt. While TLS â€Å"authentication is left up to the daemon receiving the connections† SSH is at the top of the model at the application layer while, TLS is able to offer security at the transport layer. SSH is connection oriented which use TCP only, and it is primarily used for shell based solutions. SSH offers number of client authentication options, TLS only uses the public key option. There are SSH components such as its connection protocol SSH-CONN. SSH-CONN provides multiple logical data channels to the applications using SSH-TRANS which TLS does not have. SSH Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages It is reliable, it is available free and also in commercial versions It never trusts the network If the network is experiencing a hostile takeover, it will only disconnect the SSH, but any decryption or connection take over is impossible. It is possible to tunnel TCP based applications through SSH, e.g., email protocols. For system administrators, SSH is a popular remote administration platform. Although, the server runs on UNIX, Linux and VMS, SSH clients can run on most platforms. â€Å"Many authentication methods including Kerberos, TIS, SecurID and RSA.Can be SOCKS5 proxy aware† Disadvantages SSH is not designed to be added into network gateways such as routers or firewalls. Performance for SSH can be a problem on old machines. Its port range and dynamic ports cannot be forwarded. A client on the Internet that uses SSH to access the Intranet can expose the Intranet by port forwarding. When a user authenticates themself on a server, it is always sent in clear text TLS Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages TLS is easy to use. Probably the most used security on the internet. TLS do not need any Operating system support. When messages are exchanged over the Internet, they are checked while transmitting from one computer to another. This feature offers reliability of the web based communication. TLS protocol stops unauthorized user access from interfering as a third party in the middle of a communication on the Internet. The third party will only take part in the communication when it has been noticed by two authorized users TLS is in use by most web browsers It is widely recognized as the secure HTTP (HTTPS) Protocol Disadvantages TLS often mistake firewalls as man in the middle attack. It is exposed to clogging over TCP Security Weakness Examples TLS can be used in many applications; client/server applications but it has mostly been used with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol â€Å"HTTP† for security. This allows it to offer an encrypted conversation and to securely identify a network web server. The added security it offers allows HTTPS to be used for all level of transaction over the internet world wide. Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions SMIME when combined TLS can be used to secure IETF VoIP signalling. TLS can also be used in these following applications: PKIX, LDAP, BEEP, SASL, L2TP, SMTP, IMAP, and POP3. An example can be seen below with my home web browsers. I have two screenshots from Internet Explorer and Firefox web browsers. Internet Explorer 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Firefox version 3.6.15 SSH can also be used in some applications as well. SSH do have some features such as port forwarding and secure tunnelling. Port forwarding can tell the SSH daemon to listen to information conversations on a particular port and forward this conversation to an encrypted SSH session. This allows protectection for other services as well. Summary there are no magical solution for web, but good enough protocols, the real deal is that there is no better protocol,   they all have their benefits. In order to decide which one to use, one really need to understand what one is trying to secure. References I have been able to obtain and generate ideas from the following sources Books Mark Minasi, Christa Anderson, Michele Beveridge, C.A. Callahan Mastering Windows Server 2003, copyright, 2003 Sybex Inc O’Reilley. Daniel J Barrett, Richard E Silverman and Robert G Byrnes SSH, the secure shell, the definitive Guide, copyright, 2005 William Stallings. 2006 Fourth Edition Cryptography and Network Security Bill Ferguson (Sybex) Network + Fast Pass, copyright 2005 IBM TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview December 2006 Internet Research Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell#Definition Last modified on 16 March 2011 at 10:48 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell#Definition Last modified on 16 March 2011 at 13:11

The Guest by HwangSukYong, the significance historically, politically Essay

The Guest by HwangSukYong, the significance historically, politically and cutullay - Essay Example Notably, the same time saw the arrival of the American military that expressed its resilient support for the staged anti-communist efforts. Sin-chon was the center of all the horror that transpired, and is a historically significant place as signified by the museum erected in the same place as a memory of the past. The book ‘The Guest’ offers vivid descriptions of the 1950 events, presented through dreams of some characters who witnessed the atrocities. The context of the book thus exhibits a cultural, historical, and political relevance. This paper will highlight the relevance of its context in the three aspects. The author of the book ‘The Guest’ focused on one of the most sensitive subjects to both the south and northern Korea. In his introductory note, the author presents the contextual justification of the title selected for his work. A weighty analogy appears between the issues discussed in the book and small pox. Evidently, when the smallpox pandemic was of critical concern in Korea, the people regarded it as a ‘foreign disease’ and coined the term ‘sonnim’ that translates to guest in its reference. With the novel focusing on the adverse effects of Christianity and communism, the analogy to small pox becomes relevant. The fact that both of these ideologies were not concepts that had not emanated from the Korean people, but rather from foreigners justified them to bear the reference as guests. Moreover, the American army that has received immense criticism as the principal cause of the massacre, was a guest among the Korean (Lee 195). The book offers a salient criticism of the issues that transpired. Contrary to the common belief that the American army bears the ultimate blame for the atrocities that happened, the book offers an expose of the real perpetrators of the extreme violence that was carried out against the people in 50 days that those who witnessed the events would

From washington's farewell address warning against getting involved in Essay

From washington's farewell address warning against getting involved in foreign entanglements to the Monroe Doctrine to Theod - Essay Example They were not the only presidents to do this. In later times, at least three Cold War era presidents also followed this course, including Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy. Nor did it end with the conclusion of the Cold War. Barack Obama himself has embraced this policy of implied force as a central theme of his policy. As will be seen, this overriding theme of implied force is the definitive common denominator of all presidential decision-making in foreign policy. Five sources were consulted in the preparation of this paper, and all proved invaluable in the development of one’s understanding of this topic. Harry Ammon provided a critical background for the analysis of James Monroe’s famous doctrine of 1823 as a major departure point for American external policies. Harlow Giles Unger took a somewhat dissenting view from the conventional view that the Europeans had a distinct advantage over the fledgling American republic, and notes that the Ameri cans were stronger at that time than usually given credit for, a surprising position indeed! Former senator Cary Hart of Colorado has the unique insider’s perspective as a practicing politician in the halls of power for many years. Although a seasoned practitioner, Hart is no intellectual lightweight. He holds a doctorate and has lectured at Yale, Oxford and other hallowed institutions. Aida Donald offers keen insights into the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, and helps to elevate Roosevelt in historical stature. Louis Auchincloss, an authoritative Roosevelt biographer, establishes the basic thread of continuity between Monroe and Roosevelt, the two presidents emphasized here. James Monroe seemed marked out by destiny to be a diplomat. A protege of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, fellow Virginians and his immediate forerunners as presidents, Monroe apprenticed himself as a minister to foreign powers. What bothered him from an early date, however, was the comple te lack of respect he encountered toward American diplomats and his beloved country. He felt that America should be taken more seriously as an emerging power in its own right, and he was determined to gain that respect. When he became president, Monroe continued to be influenced by Jefferson and Madison. Britain, Spain and Russia proved particularly worrisome to him. Jefferson had cautioned him against entanglements with European powers—echoing Washington—but Monroe had some ideas of his own about diplomacy. Apparently, as early as March 1822, Monroe was disturbed by European expansion into Latin America (Ammon 476-481). He was already toying with the notion of an â€Å"American system† by that date, so it was not surprising that he went before Congress in December 1823 with the address that would come to be known as the â€Å"Monroe Doctrine†, but only after 1850. This policy, now so familiar to posterity, was only part of Monroe’s unique position in American history. He may be credited with being America’s first â€Å"national security president† (Hart 114). He had already fortified America’s northern border with Canada and taken other measures deemed appropriate for security purposes, so it was but a small leap for him to

Broken Dreams of the Soviet Times Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Broken Dreams of the Soviet Times - Essay Example I was able to complete my secondary education in 1977 with an average grade of 4.95 (maximum 5). This grade fuelled my desire of fulfilling my childhood dream of becoming a fighter pilot. My eagerness made me feel that I am well-prepared and competitive for the education perspective. In the spring of 1977, I applied at The Chernigov Aviation High School. It was a tough experience; I had to undergo a rigorous medical examination and entry exams against 200 applicants. But I failed. I did not pass the last and very simple medical test. The surgeon pointed out that my x-shaped legs are unfit for someone who is privileged to serve as an Officer of the Soviet Military Aviation Force. The disappointment had put me off for a while but my ambition to fly prevailed. I enrolled at the Buguruslan Pilot School. In 1980, I finished the course obtaining a Lieutenant Military Rank, a diploma and a Civil Pilot License. The same year I passed entry exams at the Kiev Institute of Civil Aviation, but l eft it in 1981 upon completion of one school year. I felt that it was impossible to combine my high intensity flying job with such a demanding study. In 1985, I broke through the toughest possible in the USSR competition. I got the chance to study at the Moscow State Institute of International Affairs. However, I was expelled in the next year for speaking up my political views. I left Russia by the end of the ‘80s and had to start everything from the very beginning.

A study on narrative therapy being emotionally focused

A study on narrative therapy being emotionally focused When one imagines a spouse coming home from work there is usually a question asked in the scenario, how was your day? Now in the household I grew up that question was usually responded to with a story or anecdote as oppose to a simple fine or bad. My family has always been emotionally open, but generally withdrawn from using the emotion words like happy or sad instead explaining their days through the events. I think that narrative therapy has much potential to be emotionally focused, and still accept the social constructs we all are inundated with from birth. In many ways narrative therapy celebrates life as two stories intertwine with one another and the therapist is not the expert, but an interested collaborator. Rather than look for pathology or flawed functioning couples the therapist works to develop awareness of problematic discourse and offer couple the opportunity to describe and evaluate the effects of those discourses on their relationship. (Freedman Combs, 2008) I full-heartedly agree with narrative therapies take on goal setting. By being too specific in any goals life possibilities are eliminated and single-mindedness tends to reign supreme in ones mind. Life has a fluidity that presents and eliminates obstacles. Goals do not always account for these variations. The goal setting of narrative therapy is to help the narrative remain fluid from moment to moment and what positive emotions can be reached. (Freedman Combs, 2008) I think that objectivity is a key component to solving dysfunction and once two people become too enmeshed in a conflict, objectivity disappears. Working with narratives is an excellent way to separate oneself from a conflict and see a perspective without as much irrationality. The couple in the provided scenario is losing objectivity in their current worldview of soon to be married professionals. Narrative therapy is not a concrete process with a list of events that have to occur before the next step can occur. It is a more cyclical process that allows the therapist and couple the ability to move back and forth between the processed goals. That does not mean a regression in thinking will not happen, but narrative therapy is based on building forward a story that has its own ebbs and flows. It is the role of the therapist to guide and advise the client in ways to construct the narrative. (Brimhall, Gardner, Heline, 2003) I thought of narrative therapy when I started thinking about the couple in the scenario, because with only three months before the wedding I feel that constructing a narrative would work with the time period available. Narrative therapy has a free structure that has a distinct jumping off point, but overall a structure that has chapters that include emotions one can return to. I would personally be weary of how many sessions I would be able to have with this couple with their wedding being so close. The first thing to do in the initial session and assessment with the couple in the scenario is have them identify their problem. Ask them to give a name to the problem, associate the emotions with the problem, and identify the alteration in each member of the couples lives and relationships due to the problem. The couple stated that the problem is constantly getting into fights and cannot discuss anything without being angry and defensive. For the sake of brevity the problem will be shortened to fighting. The next thing is to construct the narrative that leads up to the anger, fights, and defensiveness. While the narrative approach is based on the clients being the experts on their own lives, a therapist must still assess disorders, dysfunctions, and negative thoughts. The therapist is also responsible for making the dialogue progress so that all the necessary emotions and cognitions about the relationship emerge. It is easy to see one side of the couple dominate the narrative. Each member of the couple should have equal time to present their own narrative and the therapist should make sure of this. One member of the couple tells his or her narrative of the relationship to the therapist while the other partner listens. The therapist reiterates it back to make sure everything is clear. This gives the therapist the chance to reframe the narrative structure and encourages the listening partner to understand the narrative from an objective viewpoint. Then the same process happens with the other partner. Each partner must feel that their own story has been heard. One partner should not dominate the session. After each partner has shared his narrative then the therapist has a clear vision of all the problems which in this couples case are anger and defensiveness. Ultimately, I think there should be a completely shared narrative also, but that is idealistic. The couple spins the narrative in the sessions a greater understanding of the relationship between couple and problem presented in the narrative. By mapping the influence understanding of the problem a therapist can begin to trace back where and when the fighting started. (Corey, 2009) This couple does not have an enormous history of fighting, so the historical precedent can be traced to an origin point. I would also work on preferred points in the relationship. Both members of the couple could benefit from positivity with questions such as what initially attracted you two to one another? What kinds of things do you like to do together? What do you most appreciate about your partner? Exploring the narratives of the successful times of the couples relationship can be just as much a positive benefit as looking at their problems. The therapist can begin to see the patterns that emerge in each narrative where the named problem is present. From this point, hopefully with rapport built, it will be time to start externalizing the narrative the couple has presented. Externalization means a new and more objective perspective and the ability to re-author the narrative into alternative meanings. The externalization of conversations is the key to an objective attitude when in an emotionally charged situation. Part of externalization is the need to know their relationship with the problem. How does the fighting start? What makes the fighting worse? What makes the fighting stop? These are all questions each partner should address when looking at the relationship with the problem. There is a very good chance that the couple will each have their own answers to these fighting relationship questions, but it is of the utmost importance to note both partners have a relationship with the problem. (Freedman Combs, 2008) The co uple should then start seeing each others narratives and the attached emotions. It is really important to monitor each clients emotions and follow them up with additional emotionally focused questions. Just because the couple has a better emotional understanding does not mean hurt feelings and negativity cannot appear, especially in early stages. If needed returning to positive questioning and the preferred time could be part of the strategy. The next step is the search for unique outcomes. This is to search for moments during the problem that point to success regarding the problem. (Corey, 2009) What are the exceptions to the problem? I like to think of the lessons learned of unique outcomes is like capturing lightning in a bottle. Is there anything that this couple can do to recreate the incident that stopped the fighting? These unique outcomes often are accompanied by events that cannot be recreated. When that unique outcome is found a new story can be formed. With this unique outcome solutions are starting to materialize amongst the couple. More history should be evaluated amongst the clients. After restructuring clients start determining the pattern of negativity and they have the ability to team-up against the problem that is sabotaging their relationship. (Johnson, 2004) It is important to see all members of the counseling party united against a common goal now. After progress with the couple and successful externalization of narratives the couple will talk directly to each other instead of dialogue being filtered through the therapist. The therapist still acts as the guide and monitors the dialogue to avoid or counter-act the relational problems and the regressions from the prefered story. Hopefully, the couple has moved past the strict turn based structure initially presented amongst the first sessions, but still respects each others dialogue. (Brimhall, Gardner, Heline, 2003) With the scenarios couple the therapist has to monitor awareness of anger and defensiveness and point out the problem when it arises. When a couple is aware of the path their narrative is takin g they actively try to avoid the problem and restructure the dialogue of the narrative. The therapist is trying to pursue unconditional positive regard between the partners without having them discount their emotions. After they have finished the therapist guided sessions the clients should have created a mutual preferred narrative and start complete non-turn based dialogue based on a solution focused result. The positive regard is more apparent in the couple and they are able to focus on unique outcomes.The couple now has new interactions and alternative stories. The couple is in the last stages of their therapy and have an awareness of their problems and strategies for coping with regression back into the problem. The narrative is now ready to be solidified. This stage is close to termination with the couple. The couple now has a unique preferred narrative that both partners have contributed to. This story contains positive outlooks and more objective views. This concrete preferred narrative is also fused with positive emotions and noticeable cooperation attacking the problem from both partners. Bringing in an outside party to share the completion of the new narrative is an improtant activity for the client to participate in. This shows the client has completed a goal. I believe external validation away from therapy couch is necessary to promote growth in any problems, whether individual, conjoint, or group. This demonstrates self-confidence in the client as well and shows they are self-reliant when facing their problems. (Brimhall, Gardner, Heline, 2003) The only step left for the couple now is to prepare for the future. The couple can now circumvent their problems of anger, defensiveness, and can use externalizing questions to explore emotions and attain an objective perspective on their problems. There are steps that this couple learned that they can use for the rest of their relationship. The theory of narrative couples therapy has many diverse skills a couple can learn to help them through relationship problems and prepare them for the future. The therapist can combine many aspects of different theories in narrative, including emotionally focused therapy so they can attack client problem from many different angles.

The Crash :: Creative Writing Essays

The Crash ........ as Jesse stumbled down the stairs, he could hear the weeping and he knew that something had gone wrong. He cried out, "what's going on?" "Jesse this is officer Potter, and he would like to talk to you," wept his grandmother. "What's the problem officer?" mumbled Jesse half asleep, rubbing his eyes. "Well, Jesse I don't know how to tell you this, but this morning on I-43 your dad was in a very terrible accident. He was hit by a semi truck heading south on the interstate. And when we arrived upon the scene, your father was found dead." Stammered the nervous rookie cop. "Oh God, oh God, who did this?...........how did?.......why?.... . ............. I have to get out of here." Cried Jesse with a face full of tears. "Jesse come back here!" Sobbed his grandmother. Jesse then took off, and he told no one where he was going. So now there is a grandmother weeping, a nervous rookie cop, and an upset missing teenager; what is the family to do now. They just lost their dad, and son, and now his child has taken off. Talk about a nightmare of a morning. After Jesse took off his grandmother sat there on the couch, clutching the work shirt of her dead son crying, "Oh Edward, Oh Edward." The cries echoed through the empty house as the grandmother sat there in tears. "How could this have happened?" Thought Jesse to himself, "he was just in Green Bay and now he's dead. Who did this? They will get theirs." The only thing that kept Jesse going was his hatred. He had to devise a plan to get back at the person who did this. The only thing he could think of was to repay blood for blood. Jesse didn't know the exact details of the accident, but when he found out he erupted into a fit of rage. "So the driver of the semi fell asleep behind the wheel, huh? I tell you what, he better not fall asleep tonight. There is one pissed of kid coming for him." As Jesse sat at home devising a plan to pay back 'blood for blood', his grandmother is planning out the arrangements for the funeral. Jesse's plan sounds so simple and fool proof that even a child could pull this off. His idea was to wait until about 1 o'clock in the morning and break into his house and deal with him in an inhumane manner. All through his life Jesse had a

Miss Greenford

Miss Greenford sat behind her 95 years old typewriter she inherited from the father to type down a letter to her only son who serves with the US army. She said, †Dear John, I miss you so much, my second baby. Daddy hasn't being feeling well for the past three months and he is worried he wouldn't make it before you return from the war. His wish is to see you before going home. Please do come quickly when you get this letter. Grandma sends her greetings, and Doggy your cat too. While she sat typing, John, in the silence of an explosion from the enemy's camp, swallowed a bullet. †Retreat everyone†, the General shouted. Lieutenant Jamal from Afghanistan carried his friend on his shoulder and ran into the tent where the nurses tended the wounds of the injured soldiers. †Johnny, Johnny please speak to me. Open your eyes† he solemnly requested but John quietly was giving up the ghost. The only word that came out of his mouth was ‘mama'. Lieut. Jamal cried! He has lost the only friend in the army that cared for him.He remembered how he used to play basketball with John alone as all the guys refused his company and called him names. One day at assembly, it was announced a war has broken up between the US and Russia and all males were entreated to enlist in the army asap. Jamal was frightened to death because he never liked the sound of a gun. Growing up in a ghetto where the father was a warlord, he was called Ja, the whimp. He always hides under the bed during a fight of guns on the streets but John encouraged him that they can do it. He will be there for him anytime and protect him against the bullies. John was the brother Jamal never had. And now he doesn't know how he can manage without him.Back home, Miss Greenford bought a stamp at the post office, sealed her letter and posted it to his loving son. She can't wait to see him after eight solid months of separation. This war has had a toll on everyone. Miss Greenford herself has been feeling a severe ache in her left breast lately. Scared of the worst, she has refused to visit the hospital for a checkup. †I need to be strong to take care of my two boys, John and his father†, she always whispers to herself. Three weeks later, on the day Miss Greenford had planned on passing by the post office to check if her son has replied, there was a loud knock on the door which startled even the flower pot on the window pane and it came crushing on the floor.'Who is there?' she shouted from the kitchen. ‘Friends of John, the voices echoed. Miss Greenford dashed out of the kitchen like a flash of lightening only to get to the door to see men dressed in uniform carrying a coffin. Immediately, she collapsed. She woke up to the news of her husband passing out of cardio attack when he wheeled his chair to the door because he also heard the shout of †friends of John† from his room.†Both my boys had left me, she cried. What does it profit me to be alive and not happy? The two things that gave me joy have been snatched from me, mama†. Old mama Gracie was there to console her daughter. She told her not stop crying. She should spit every phlegm of bitterness out, then she can have her peace. †I have been here before and I know how it feels but don't worry it will make you stronger. It always does† Your daddy died in the war too. The only man I have ever known tasted death while in an amour defending his country. But he died a happy man. He died knowing that at least he paid his dues to his country. So sad he was before he died when I was pregnant with you for two weeks that the doctor said it is a girl. We had both been praying for a boy, but he prayed more fervently because he wanted his son to be a soldier, a protector of the state and dreams of America. Though disappointed, he loved you so very much, my baby. Be glad you gave daddy a soldier, now his soul will rest in peace.

Moll Flanders (A Brief Summary) Essays - Films, Picaresque Novels

Moll Flanders (A Brief Summary) Essays - Films, Picaresque Novels Moll Flanders (A Brief Summary) Moll Flanders (a brief summary) novel by Daniel Defoe paper by Sara Slaughter Moll Flanders is a story about the fall and rise of a beautiful woman who was born in Newgate Prison. Her mother was saved from the gallows because she pleaded her belly, and soon after Moll was born, her mother was shipped to the clonies to work out her sentence. Left behind, Moll was raised for three years with a band of traveling gypsies. Moll worked her way out of that, disgusted that England didn't have orphanages, and she was allowed to live with a nurse. At a young age she decided she didn't want to be a servant, but a gentlewoman. Her defination of a gentlewoman was a woman who worked and supported herself, not, in fact, a wealthy woman. Moll's nurse, and a wealthy matron of the town, found entertainment in this, and Moll was allowed to sew for people to earn her keep. After many years of seamstress work, and handouts from wealthy gentlewomen, Moll was able to buy her own clothes and live quite well with her nurse. After her nurse died, she lived with the wealthy matron and h er family. She was their servant, but also treated very kindly. Moll learned what the daughters learned, french, dancing, singing, and how to read and write. Her talents and beauty surpassed theirs, but she would never have the same advantages, as she was poor and of low social standings. The elder brother made Moll his mistress, much to protests at first, but won her over with proclamations of love and promises of marriage once he came into his inheritance. The younger brother, Robin, professed his genuine love of Moll and his plans of marrying her. After weeks of unbalance and uneasiness of this, their marriage was approved; Moll being payed off by the elder brother, and because she wanted stability. Robin died five years later, Moll gave her children to Robins parents, and she went off to start her new life. She sought to marry rich, so that she may be supported, and be a gentlewomam. Deception landed her a tradesmen, or a draper, that spent all her money, his own money, and money he didn't have. Debts accumulated, and he was arrested for debt and put in a sponging-house (a place of confinement for debtors). He instructed Moll to take what she could fom his shop and their home to try and pawn for money. His escape left her alone again, and without bothering for a divorce, she started again. In London, she helped a woman get a man, so inturn, asked for aid back. The seaman Moll chose owned a plantation in Virginia, which the two, after marriage, moved to. Moll enjoyed the company of this man, and they got along well. His mother, who lived on the plantation too, befriended Moll. One day, Moll's mother-in-law was telling Moll about her past; about how she had a child in Newgate, bu t was allowed transportation to the colonies after the child's birth. Moll discovered that this was her long-lost mother, and after a struggle with the decision to say anythig about it or not, she confronted her mother. The thought of sleeping with her husband, now her brother, repulsed her, and seeing their children was even worse. Moll convinced her brother to allow her to go back to London, and he sent her with money and her belongings. The two corresponded ater that, but as sister and brother. Moll returned to London, and took up residence in Bath. There, under the pretense that she was awiting money from Virginia, she met a married man, whose wife was distempered in her head. Moll cooked and served this gentlman's meals and kept him company, as he helped her out financially. The two became friends through a sickness he had, and one night, after too much wine, the two went to bed together. This evolved into a six year relationship, as Moll had a child with him. He furnished her and the child in an apartment in London, and all was well until he became ill. After this, he broke off ties with her by sending her money for

Appeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Appeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2 Free Online Research Papers When The Great War came to an end in November 1918, the suffering of the nations involved was so appalling that many hoped never to repeat such an experience again. The fact that the Second World War took place just twenty years later is indeed intriguing. Until now, the debate on who is to be blamed for causing the war is still on, with many historians coming to different conclusions. There were three prominent underlying factors from the 1920’s onwards that can be evaluated when discussing the causes of the war. They are the Treaty of Versailles, the weakness of the League of Nations and the world economic crisis of the early 1930’s. In short, these factors formed the basis for the starting of a war by providing a tense atmosphere in Europe. However, the Treaty of Versailles and the weakness of the League could only be responsible to a limited extent as Europe in the mid 1920’s was on the road to recovery, with peaceful foreign policies that could have pr evented war. Clearly, more major factors were needed in order for a war to breakout. In fact, the three main parties responsible for causing the war were the appeasers (British and French), the Soviet Union and Hitler. In addition, the different viewpoints of historians are also compared in the course of this investigation. The policy of appeasement adopted by the British and the French was a factor that played a critical role in the outbreak of the war. As the British Prime Minister, Stanly Baldwin was the first to introduce appeasement in the mid 1930’s. However, when Neville Chamberlain came into office in 1937, he took appeasement to a whole new level. According to the British government, the meaning of appeasement was â€Å"pacification through the settlement of issues by negotiation and compromise†. The British pursued this policy with great confidence as they had several logical reasons to justify their actions. It was only after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, that many British began to feel that Germany was indeed â€Å"harshly† and unjustly treated. They were also afraid that Germany would turn towards aggression once again and perhaps spark another war. Therefore, Britain was willing to give in to Hitler’s demands as it was a way of â€Å"redre ssing Germany’s legitimate grievances†. Especially after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the British were interested for various reasons in the â€Å"preservation of peace†. With a crippled economy, Britain could not afford to spend on rearming her armed forces, and therefore was in no position to wage a war against aggressor nations. Since an economically strong Germany was essential to achieve economic stability in Europe, appeasement seemed appealing as it would not only strengthen the German economy but also put an end to the political instability within Germany. Furthermore, Britain would also benefit from trading with a financially strong Germany. Besides, since most of the British still bared in mind the destruction and atrocities caused by the Great War, there was a â€Å"widespread appeal of pacifism† in Britain. Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement was therefore widely supported by the British as it was seen as a way to prevent another devastating war from taking place. Furthermore, as the League of Nations was proven to be unsuccessful in the preservation of peace, Chamberlain believed that only a personal diplomacy between leaders could resolve conflicts. Besides, as Chamberlain and other Conservatives feared Communism more than Nazism, they hoped that Hitler would stop the sprea d of Communism to the West. This was especially so during the 1930’s when Stalin’s Russia was strengthening due to rapid industrialization. Although the policy of appeasement is often associated with both the British and the French, it is important to note that in the beginning, the French did not always support appeasement. Unlike Britain, France was more interested in ensuring her national security and the suppression of Germany. The French strongly believed that in order to preserve the peace in Europe, Germany had to be severely weakened. However, as France was significantly weakened and divided as a result of much political upheaval caused by a constant change in governments, the French subsequently subscribed to Britain’s policy of appeasement. In the eyes of the appeasers, the policy of appeasement was intended strictly to preserve peace in Europe. However, this was misinterpreted by Adolf Hitler, who in turn saw it as a weakness of Britain and France. In 1933, Hitler came into power with a goal to make Germany into a great power again. Through his foreign policies, Hitler hoped to achieve this by overthrowing the Treaty of Versailles, strengthening the armed forces, recovering lost territory and uniting all Germans within the Reich. This ambition of his was another factor that played a critical role in the outbreak of the war. Hitler saw himself as â€Å"catalyst of the will to Germanic greatness†, and he believed that Germany would only become strong again through the use of aggression and war. In 1934, Hitler posed a direct challenge to the Treaty of Versailles by rearming the German armed forces. He managed to do so by reintroducing conscription and ordering the mass production of submarines, tanks and aircrafts. Upon announcing Germany’s rearmament programme in 1935, the initial response of the British and the French â€Å"amounted to little more than solemn protestations and appeals to the League of Nations†. At the Stresa Conference, Britain, together with France and Italy did not attempt to stop Hitler’s rearmaments. Instead, they only assured the protection of Austria’s sovereignty. Similarly, even the League of Nations did not attempt to restrict Hitler’s aggressive rearmament plans as there were â€Å"no economic or military sanctions imposedâ € . As a result of appeasement, Hitler’s confidence grew significantly. The Anglo-German Naval Agreement signed in June 1935 was Britain’s form of appeasement towards the German rearmaments. The terms of the agreement acknowledged the German rearmament of her Navy and it was limited to thirty-five percent of the British fleet. It was the first time where the British openly approved a German contravention of the Versailles Settlement. Besides, the signing of the agreement was solely made by Britain, without the consent of France and Italy. The agreement did not only undermine the mutual trust between Britain and France, but also compromised the Stresa Front. As the agreement was effective in helping Germany flout the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler felt assured that the appeasers would not stop his rearmament programmes and perhaps even his goals to overthrow the treaty. In 1936, Hitler ordered the remilitarization of the Rhineland. As the Rhineland was a strategic â€Å"military position from which the French could have struck at the heart of Germany’s power† , reoccupying it removed a serious threat to Germany’s sovereignty. Prior to the reoccupation, the appeasers were well aware of Hitler’s plans to carry out a â€Å"coup†. However, they did not attempt to stop him from taking back what was originally Germany’s. France could have stopped Hitler by sending in troops, but however she was afraid of waging a war with Germany, given the lack of British support. Germany could then deter future French aggression by building heavy defenses and deploying troops in the Rhine region. As a result, Hitler grew even bolder and he began to challenge the balance of power in Europe. The German annexation of Austria was finally successful in March 1938. Hitler saw the annexation of Austria â€Å"as a solution to the problems of Germany’s war-orientated economy†, and also as a way of uniting all Germans within the Reich. Following the demonstrations staged by the Austrian Nazis on Hitler’s order, German troops were sent to occupy Austria. As Britain believed that Austria was under the sphere of German influence, the responses of the appeasers were nothing more than protests. The Anschluss with Austria did not only strengthen the friendship between Germany and Italy, but it also provided Hitler with a â€Å"direct passage into Southeast Europe†. Appeasement from Britain and France once again gave Hitler a confidence boost to continue his conquest. Following the Anschluss with Austria, Czechoslovakia was next on Hitler’s agenda. Assured by his previous successes, Hitler demanded for the incorporation of the Sudetenland into the Third Reich. The Sudetenland was the wealthiest and the most industrialized region of Czechoslovakia, with the largest population of German minorities living outside Germany. In support of the Sudeten Nazis led by Henlein, Hitler caused a widespread political turmoil with his propaganda campaign. Afraid that a war might breakout, the appeasers called on the Czech President, Benes to make compromises with Hitler. Hoping to resolve the issues, Chamberlain met Hitler on three separate occasions. At Berchtesgaden, Hitler honored Chamberlain’s proposal that there would be self-determination for Sudetenland. However, at Godesberg, Hitler demanded the immediate impartment of Sudetenland into the Third Reich. Unwilling to compromise any further, Chamberlain returned to Britain and ordered t he armed forces to prepare for war. At the Munich Conference, the Big Four gave in to Hitler’s harshest terms. The Czechs, on the other hand were forced to sign the agreement. Chamberlain then signed another pact with Hitler, stating that the two nations would never go to war again. As Hitler invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia in March 1939, it was clear that the policy of appeasement was a failure. Hitler â€Å"had now reached the limits of what the appeasers were willing to tolerate from him†. Despite the rising tension, Hitler took a risk and invaded Poland. When he ignored the ultimatum issued by Britain and France to stop his invasion of Poland, the appeasers declared war on Germany. Besides appeasement and Hitler himself, there were other factors that contributed to the outbreak of the war. Firstly, the Great Depression of the early 1930’s led to the rise of a totalitarian, Nazi Germany led by Hitler. By the late 1920’s, the German economy was on the road to recovery due to excessive American investments. As a result, Germany subsequently became heavily reliant on the US backing given to them. Following the Wall Street Crash of 1929, America withdrew its investments in Germany and demanded the payment of the loans given to them earlier. The German economy therefore went into a state of serious depression. Afraid of losing even more support from the people, the Weimar government was â€Å"unwilling to take the unpopular measures that would be required to bridge the gap†. Since the severe economic problems in Germany were not resolved, the masses started to look towards the Nazi Party for solutions to their woes. This significantly attributed to the rise of the Nazi Party and Hitler. Secondly, the weakness of the League of Nations made it incapable of preserving peace in the 1930’s. From the start, the League lacked the backing of the two super-powers, USA and Russia. Following the United States Senate’s rejection of both the Treaty of Versailles and the League, the USA subsequently adopted the policy of isolation. Russia on the other hand was not incorporated into the League as there was a widespread fear of Communism. Furthermore, its leading members, Britain and France each had their own self-interests. This in turn limited the purpose of collective security. This purpose of the League was severely undermined on two occasions, namely the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and the Italian invasion of Abyssinia. During the Abyssinian crisis, Italy managed to conquer Abyssinia despite the economic sanctions imposed on her. As Mussolini â€Å"succeeded in flouting the League†, it was no longer seen as an effective form of collective secu rity. The League was indeed effective in resolving humanitarian crises, but however when it came to preserving peace, it was filled with flaws. In conclusion, the outbreak of the Second World War was a shared responsibility mainly between Hitler, Britain and France. The policy of appeasement which was intended by Britain and France to preserve peace was misread by Hitler as a weakness. The appeasers were partially responsible for causing the war as appeasement provided Hitler with a platform to increase his demands with each success he attained. Furthermore, they were inconsistent in their stand towards Hitler’s aggression. As the appeasers have been giving in to Hitler’s demands since 1936, Hitler assumed that they would do the same for his invasion of Poland. Unexpectedly, Britain and France declared war on Germany and this sparked off the war. Hitler himself was also partially at fault for causing the war as he misinterpreted the intentions of the appeasers and turned towards aggression. The other underlying factors such as the Versailles Settlement, the weakness of the League and the world economic c risis all played minor roles in the outbreak of the war. They were primarily responsible for creating a tense atmosphere in Europe but were too trivial to spark a war. The Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact was also partially responsible as it provided the assurance Hitler needed in order to invade Poland without having to worry about a Soviet invasion. In short, the outbreak of the war was the result of a series of misunderstandings and miscalculations made by the respective leaders. Research Papers on Appeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBringing Democracy to AfricaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAWGenetic EngineeringHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Economy and Infrastructure in South Africa Term Paper

Economy and Infrastructure in South Africa - Term Paper Example Similarly, the country’s GDP is continually increasing. In 2007, the country’s GDP rose by 5.1%. Analyzing the average income of the country reveals South Africa to be a moderately rich country with per capita GNP of US $5685 as per World Bank statement of fiscal year 2008. Thus, the country may be ranked as an upper-middle-income country. The South African economy is very much based on trade. More than 50% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is generated from trade. By adopting modern technologies for production purposes, the country’s products have become very competitive in the international market. The country’s exports mainly include minerals, agricultural produce, machinery, vehicles, electric appliances and chemical products. Gold is one of the most important exports of the country. However, the exports of other goods and services consist of one-fourth of the country’s total GDP generating from trade sector. Other minerals and chemicals contribute more than 30% towards the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) generating from this sector and the rest is contributed by other products such as tobacco, food, drinks as well as textiles. Imports consist of machines, chemicals and plastic products. The industry of South Africa is making up 40% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. The industry sector includes quarrying and mining. The mining sector still plays an important part in the country’s economic progress. However, the country has lessened its economic reliance on mining and raw materials export, especially that of gold, over the few preceding years. The agriculture sector of the country, including forestry and fisheries, makes a very small contribution towards the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country which is only 5%. However, it should be noticed that mining and agriculture is relatively more important for the economy of South Africa than the GDP figures shows. The reason behind it is that the

The Syndrome Of Colorectal Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

The Syndrome Of Colorectal Cancer - Essay Example After getting the report of the medical test, John and his wife Carol learned that he was suffering from colorectal cancer. John was appalled at the diagnosis as he was completely unprepared for such a result. A doctor suggested him a surgeon who particularly dealt with such kind of diseases and offered hope towards fighting and surviving this grave disease. The surgeon explained the procedure of treatment and therapy that John needed to undergo before and after the surgery. After performing a surgery, the physician discussed the means in relation to the disease from which John was suffering. The physician broke the news to John that he was gravely affected with the high level of cancer in his abdominal. John undertook several tests to determine the accuracy of the statement made by the physician and found it to be true (Australian Government Cancer Australia, 2012). The joint report published by the ‘Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)’ and the ‘Australasian Association of Cancer Registries (AACR)’ focuses on delivering a thorough update regarding the changes in cancer endurance in Australia since 2001, when the first national cancer report was published. It delivers a trend statistics regarding the survival of persons affected by invasive cancer from 1982-1986 to 1998-2004, as well as analyzes the survival outcome in terms of age, geographic provinces, sex, and socioeconomic status. During the period of 1982-2004, the statistical reports concerning the frequency of invasive cancer in Australia provided an account of 1.6 million cases. This was the period when cancer-related survivals were examined in terms of their gender, age and period of treatment, as well as survival period, geographic provinces and socioeconomic status. Moreover, this report also provided the prevalence calculation regarding all the se aspects (Alteri et. al., 2011). In Australia, during 2007, the risk of colorectal cancer was identified at the age of 85 which was 10 for men and 14 for women. This risk was noticeable and increased from the age of 45.